Islam is a monotheistic religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad in 610 CE in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The core belief of Islam is the oneness of God (Allah), and that Muhammad is His final prophet. The religion is built on the Five Pillars of Islam: faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage. Muslims believe the Quran is the Word of God, revealed to Muhammad, and follow the Hadith, which consists of the teachings and actions of the Prophet. Islam’s teachings encourage moral responsibility and community welfare. It promotes peace, justice, and compassion for all. The global Muslim population is estimated to exceed 1.9 billion, making Islam the second-largest religion worldwide. In Italy, there are approximately 2 million Muslims, forming the largest religious minority in the country.